The critic of religion in the theology of Karl Barth
Keywords:
Theological Method, Religion, Modern Theology, Karl BarthAbstract
In contrast to many theologians who defended religion towards the attacks of various modern philosophers, Karl Barth criticized religion from a theological perspective. Thus, the purpose of this article is to describe the meaning of the critique of religion in the theology of Barth, particularly in his works The epistle to the romans and Church dogmatics. Overall, from the viewpoint of the doctrine of justification by faith, the Barthian in contrast to many theologians who defended religion towards the attacks of various modern philosophers, Karl Barth criticized religion from a theological perspective. Thus, the purpose of this article is to describe the meaning of the critique of religion in the theology of Barth, particularly in his works The epistle to the romans and Church dogmatics. Overall, from the viewpoint of the doctrine of justification by faith, the Barthian critique of religion clearly implies an opposition to the theological method of modern Protestantism, specifically liberal theology, which adopts an anthropocentric, instead of a theocentric starting point.
Downloads
References
ALVES, R. O que é religião. São Paulo: Brasiliense, 1984a.
______. O suspiro dos oprimidos. São Paulo: Paulinas, 1984b.
ASSMANN, H.; REYES, M. Introducción. In: Sobre la religion I: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels. Salamanca: Sigueme, 1979.
BALTHASAR, H. U. The Theology of Karl Barth: exposition and interpretation. San Francisco: Ignatius, 1992.
BARTH, K. An introductory essay. In: FEUERBACH, L. The essence of Christianity. New York: Harper TorchBooks, 1957a.
______. Church dogmatics. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1956.
______. Evangelical Theology: an introduction. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1963.
______. Fé em busca de compreensão: fides quaerens intellectum. São Paulo: Fonte Editorial, 2006.
______. Foreword to the English Edition. In: WEBER, O. Karl Barth’s church dogmatics. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1953.
______. From Rousseau to Ritschl. London: SCM, 1959.
______. How I changed my mind. Richmond: John Knox, 1966.
______. On religion: the revelation of God as the sublimation of religion. translated and introduced by Garret Green. London; New York: T&T Clark, 2006.
______. The epistle to the Romans. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.
______. The humanity of God. Richmond, VA: John Knox, 1960.
______. The word of God and the word of man. New York: Harper and Row, 1957b.
BERKOUWER, G. C. The triumph of grace in the theology of Karl Barth. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1956.
BETHGE, E. Dietrich Bonhoeffer: a biography. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2000.
BONHOEFFER, D. Letters and papers from prison. New York: Touchstone, 1997.
BROMILEY, G. W. An introduction to the theology of Karl Barth. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979.
BUSCH, E. Karl Barth: his life from letters and autobiographical texts. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994.
CALVIN, J. Institutes of the christian religion. Philadelphia: William Fry, 1816. v. 1
DORRIEN, G. The Barthian revolt in modern theology: theology without weapons. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2000.
ELIADE, M. Tratado de história das religiões. Lisboa: Edições Cosmos, 1977.
FREUD, S. Civilization and its discontents. London: Hogarth, 1955.
______. Moses and monotheism. London, Hogarth, 1951.
______. The future of an illusion. New York: Classic House, 2009.
______.Totem and taboo: some points of agreement between the mental lives of savages and neurotics. New York: W.W. Norton, 1950.
GIBELLINI, R. A teologia do século XX. São Paulo: Loyola, 2002.
GLASSE, J. Barth on Feuerbach. The Harvard Theological Review, v. 57, p. 69-96, 1964.
GOUVÊA, R. Prefácio à 1ª edição brasileira. In: BARTH, K. Fé em busca de compreensão: fides quaerens intellectum. São Paulo: Fonte Editorial, 2006.
GRAY, J. Foreword: Hegel’s understanding of absolute spirit. In: On art, religion, and the history of philosophy: introductory lectures. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1997.
GREEN, G. Challenging the religious studies canon: Karl Barth’s theory of religion. The Journal of Religion, v. 75, p. 473-486, 1995.
______. Imagining God. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998.
______. Introduction: Barth as theorist of religion. In: BARTH, K. On religion: the revelation of god as the sublimation of religion. London; New York: T&T Clark, 2006.
HARRISON, P. “Science” and “Religion”: constructing the boundaries. The Journal of Religion, v. 86, p. 81-106, 2006.
HARVEY, V. A. Feuerbach and the interpretation of religion. New York: Cambridge University, 1997.
HIGUET, E. A. Teologia e modernidade: introdução geral ao tema. In: Teologia e modernidade. São Paulo: Fonte Editorial, 2005.
HORDERN, W. E. A Layman’s guide to protestant theology. London: Macmillan, 1955.
HUNSINGER, G. How to read Karl Barth: the shape of his theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
JOHNSON, W. S. The mystery of God: Karl Barth and the postmodern foundations of theology. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1997.
JÜNGEL, E. Karl Barth: a theological legacy. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1986.
KÜNG, H. Does God exist?: an answer for today. New York: Vintage, 1981.
LUTHER, M. Sermons on the first epistle of St. Peter. American edition. Saint Louis: Concordia, 1955-1976.( Luther’s Works, 30)
LYDEN, J. The Influence of Hermann Cohen on Karl Barth’s dialectical theology. Modern Judaism, v. 12, p. 167-183, 1992.
MADURO, O. Religião e luta de classes: quadro teórico para a análise de suas interrelações na América Latina. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1981.
McCORMACK, B. L. Karl Barth’s critically realistic dialectical theology: its genesis and development, 1909-1936. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
MONDIN, B. Os grandes teólogos do século vinte. São Paulo: Edições Paulinas, 1987. v. 2.
______. Quem é Deus: elementos de teologia filosófica. São Paulo: Paulus, 2005.
NIETZSCHE, F. The Anti-Christ. Radford: Wilder, 2008.
______. The gay science. New York: Random, 1981.
PALMER, M. Freud e Jung: sobre a religião. São Paulo: Loyola, 2001.
PANGRITZ, A. Karl Barth in the Theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Grand Rapids; Cambridge: Eerdmans, 2000.
PAUCK, W. Barth’s Religious Criticism of Religion. The Journal of Religion, v. 8, p. 453-474, 1928.
PENZO, G. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900): o divino como problematicidade. In: PENZO, G.; GIBELLINI, R. Deus na filosofia do século XX. São Paulo: Loyola, 2002.
RICOEUR, P. Freud and philosophy: an essay on interpretation. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970.
ROBINSON, J. M. The Beginnings of dialectic theology. Richmond: John Knox, 1968.
SMITH, W. C. The meaning and end of religion. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991.
SOUSA, M. A. A morte de Deus em Nietzsche: fim da metafísica? In: MARASCHIN, J.; PIRES, F P. (Orgs.). Teologia e pós-modernidade: novas perspectivas em teologia
e filosofia da religião. São Paulo: Fonte Editorial, 2008.
TAUBES, J. Theodicy and theology: a philosophical analysis of Karl Barth’s dialectical theology. The Journal of Religion, v. 34, p. 231-243, 1954.
TERRIN, A. N. O sagrado off limits. São Paulo: Loyola, 1998.
TILLICH, P. Perspectives on 19th and 20th century protestant theology. London: SCM, 1967.
TORRANCE, T. F. Karl Barth: an introduction to his early theology, 1910-1931. London: SCM, 1962.
VOGEL, M. H. The Barth-Feuerbach confrontation. The Harvard Theological Review, v. 59, p. 27-52, 1966.
WARD, G. Barth, Derrida and the language of theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
WEBER, J. C. Feuerbach, Barth, and theological methodology. The Journal of Religion, v. 46, p. 24-36, 1966.
WÜSTENBERG, R. K. A theology of life: Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Religionless Christianity. Grand Rapids; Cambridge: Eerdmans, 1998.
ZAHRNT, H. The question of God: protestant theology in the twentieth century. New York: Harvest, 1969.
ZILLES, U. Filosofia da religião. São Paulo: Paulinas, 1991.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish on Kerygma must agree to the following terms:
- Once accepted for publication, the copyright of articles is automatically transferred to Kerygma.
- All material used in the text that is copyrighted by third parties must be duly referenced.
- Authors must also retain the reproduction rights of images and tables in their material, if necessary.
- The authors guarantee that the submitted text is entirely their authorship and has not been submitted and/or published elsewhere.
- The opinions, ideas and concepts expressed in the texts are the sole responsibility of their authors and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Kerygma;
- The editors reserve the right to make textual adjustments and adapt to the publication's norms.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International, which allows sharing of the work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal. This license allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon your work non-commercially, as long as they give proper credit to you and their new works are not used for commercial purposes. However, users are not required to license those derivative works under the same terms.
- The authors agree with the free reproduction of their material by Kerygma, which may adapt, modify, condense, summarize, reduce, compile, expand, alter, mix with other content, include images, graphics, digital objects, infographics and hyperlinks, illustrate, diagram, divide, update, translate and carry out any other transformations, requiring the participation or express authorization of the authors.
- The authors agree that Kerygma can distribute the articles through cable, fiber optics, satellite, airwaves or any other system that allows access to the user at a specific time and place, either by free channels or by systems that import payment. Kerygma may also include work in a physical or virtual database, archiving in printed format, storing on a computer, in a cloud system, microfilming and other current forms of archiving or that may still be developed, with or without profit.
- Authors are permitted to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work in this journal (e.g., publishing it in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment in the new publication of its initial publication in this journal.
- Kerygma owns the rights to all works published by it. The full reproduction of these texts in other publications, for any other purpose, by any means, requires written authorization from the publisher. The same goes for partial reproductions, such as summary, abstract, portions with more than 500 words of the text, tables, figures, illustrations, etc.
- Authors are granted permission and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process. This is because it can lead to productive alterations and increase the impact and citation of the published work. (See "The effect of open access and downloads ('hits') on citation impact: a bibliography of studies.")