DEEP ECOLOGY
A NEW METAPHYSICS IN TIMES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19141/1809-2454.kerygma.v15.n2.p50-63Keywords:
ecology, philosophy, deep ecology, spinozaAbstract
The study of ecology is based on the interactions between the various living organisms in a connected network called an ecosystem. The term was coined in 1866 by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel as a systematic study of the interrelationship of living beings on earth. However, from the 20th century onwards, the socio-environmental impacts inherited by the Modern Age began to become widely perceived and criticized. With that, from that moment, several environmental movements appeared, based on themes of sustainability and environmental awareness. In this sense, the proposed study aims to verify the contemporary ecological perspective, from the perspective of the movement called Deep ecology. To this end, bibliographic research was undertaken to sediment the historical and philosophical understanding of ecology, as well as to understand the origin of Deep ecology and its supposed theosophical perspectives. In 1970, the Scandinavian philosopher Arne Naess (1912-2009) established, based on the thoughts of Baruch Spinoza and other philosophers, a line of thought on human responsibility towards nature. His philosophy, sought to stipulate a Deep ecology, which would restructure modern and anthropocentric ecological concepts. Therefore, it is expected to understand the changes in ecological conception in history aiming at the environmental impacts caused in the 19th and 20th century as a historical background for a better perception of the perspective of Deep ecology, from the 1970s onwards. It is still concluded, incipiently that the thought proposed by Naess today establishes sustainable and effective ecological measures for better planetary citizenship.
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