The origin and establishment of ancient sanctuaries: a comparative study between Yahweh and Baal
Keywords:
Baal, Yahweh, Sanctuary, Differences, Similarities.Abstract
Scholars in different fields of study recognize significant differences between the Canaanite god called Baal, and the Israelite God, Yahweh. Knowing then that there are differences between these two deities it is important to point out that there are also significant similarities between them. Amongst these significant similarities is the imagery of their particular sanctuary, or dwelling place. For this reason, this study will compare the construction and structure of both Baal and Yahweh’s sanctuaries.
Downloads
References
ARCHER, G. L. A Survey of Old Testament Introduction. Chicago: Moody Press, 1964.
BUCKLEY, E. Universal Religion: A Course of Lessons Historical and Scientific on the Various Faiths of the World. Chicago: University Association, 1897.
CASSUTO, U. "The Palace of Baal". Journal of Biblical Literature, v. 61, nº 1, 1942, p. 51-56.
DAY, J. “Baal (Deity).” The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by David Noel Freedman. New York: Doubleday, 1992. 1:545.
DE SOUZA, E. B. The Heavenly Sanctuary/Temple Motif in the Hebrew Bible: Function and Relationship to the Earthly Counterparts. Berrien Springs: Adventist Theological Society Publications, 2005.
DEVER, W. G. Did God Have a Wife?: Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005.
DAVIDSON, R. “Beauty of Israel’s Sanctuaries” in A Song for the Sanctuary. Unpublished Manuscript 2.
DAVIDSON, R. Typology in Scripture: A Study of Hermeneutical Tupós Structures. Berrien Springs: Andrews University Press, 1981.
DOZEMAN, T. B. Methods for Exodus. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
FANT, C. E. and REDDISH, M. G. Lost Treasures of the Bible: Understanding the Bible Through Archaeological Artifacts in World Museums. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008.
GOLDWURM, H, and FRIEDNER, Y. History of the Jewish People: The Second Temple Era. Brooklyn: Mesorah Publications, in conjunction with Hillel Press/Jerusalem, 1982.
GONEN, R. Contested Holiness: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Perspectives on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Jersey City: KTAV Publishing House, 2003.
HALLO, W. W. and K. Lawson Younger, eds. Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World. The Context of Scripture, v. 1. Leiden: Brill, 1997.
HARRIS, R. L., GLEASON, L. A. and WALTKE, B. K. Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament. Chicago: Moody Press, 1980.
HOPPE, L. J. The Holy City: Jerusalem in the Theology of the Old Testament. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 2000.
HUROWITZ, V. "Solomon's Temple in Context". Biblical Archaeology Review. February, 2011, v. 37, nº 2, p. 46-57.
KITCHEN, K. A. On the Reliability if the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003.
LEEMING, D. A. The Oxford Companion to World Mythology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
PHELPS, M. A. “Baal (Deity).” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Edited by David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.
SCHMIDT, E. "Solomon's Temple". The Biblical World. September, 1899, v. 14, nº 3, p. 164-171.
SCHNIEDEWIND, W. M. and HUNT, J. H. A Primer on Ugaritic: Language, Culture, and Literature. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
TUELL, S. S. First and Second Chronicles. Louisville: John Knox Press, 2001.
WHITE, E. G. Christ’s Object Lessons. Washington: Review and Herald, 1941.
WHITE, E. G. “The Sanctuary”, The Sign of the Times, June 24, 1880, par. 1.
YON, M. The City of Ugarit at Tell Ras Shamra. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2006.
ZEVIT, Z. The Religions of Ancient Israel: A Synthesis of Parallactic Approaches. New York/ London: Continuum, 2001.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Statement
In summary, authors who publish in Kerygma must agree that:
-
Once accepted for publication, the copyright of the articles is transferred to Kerygma.
-
All third-party materials used in the text must be properly referenced.
-
Authors must hold the rights or permissions for the use of images, tables, and other graphic materials.
-
Authors guarantee that the submitted manuscript is original, of their own authorship, and has not been submitted or published elsewhere.
-
The opinions and ideas expressed in the texts are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the journal.
-
The editors reserve the right to make textual revisions and adjustments in accordance with the journal’s editorial standards.
-
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
-
Authors authorize the reproduction and adaptation of the material by Kerygma, with the authors’ participation or express authorization when required.
-
The journal may distribute, store, archive, and make the articles available through any physical or digital means, whether free of charge or paid.
-
Authors may enter into separate agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work, provided that the original publication in Kerygma is acknowledged.
-
Full or partial reproduction of the texts in other publications requires prior written authorization from the editor.
-
Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or personal webpages) before or during the editorial process, as this may increase the visibility and citation impact of the published work.




